Niederl, J. B., & Vogel, H. J. (1940). Aldehyde--Resorcinol Condensations1. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 62(9), 2512–2514.
Abstract: A crystalline condensation product of acetaldehyde with resorcinol has been reported by several investigators but the statements relative to the constitution of this compound are conflicting. The conventional alkylidene-diphenol as well as the acetal structure has been suggested. It is the purpose of the present investigation to contribute to the elucidation of the structure of not only this disputed compound ...
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Roberts, B. A., Cave, G. W. V., Raston, C. L., & Scott, J. L. (2001). Solvent-free synthesis of calix[4]resorcinarenes. Green Chemistry, 3(6), 280–284.
Abstract: Calix[4]resorcinarenes may be prepared in high yield and purity by direct reaction of resorcinol and benzaldehyde derivatives in the presence of a catalytic amount of solid acid and at ambient temperature under solvent-free conditions. This represents a viable alternative to traditional solution phase methodology. The solvent-free method measures up well with respect to energy usage, solvent wastes and associated hazards, reaction time and yield. In addition, the relevant benzaldehyde derivatives are prepared in polypropylene glycol, which is readily recycled.
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Kumagai, T., Ohno, M., Mitani, K., Yamamoto, K. -ichi, & Oda, M. (1995). Thermolysis of Dicyclopentadienylmethyl Alcohols. A Novel Synthesis of Fulvenes. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 68(1), 301–304.
Abstract: Thermolyses of isomeric mixtures of dicyclopentadienylmethyl alcohols were obtained by reactions of the corresponding isomeric mixture of metallodicyclopentadiene with aldehydes and ketones at 300 °C by a flow method. These thermolyses give by cycloreversion the corresponding isomeric mixtures of cyclopentadienylmethyl alcohols. These mixtures in turn furnish the corresponding fulvenes upon treatment with bases. At higher temperatures, the thermolyses regenerate starting ketones, probably by retro-ene reaction of the cycloreversed alcohols.
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Colombo, G., Clerici, M., Garavaglia, M. E., Giustarini, D., Rossi, R., Milzani, A., et al. (2016). A step-by-step protocol for assaying protein carbonylation in biological samples. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci, 1019, 178–190.
Abstract: Protein carbonylation represents the most frequent and usually irreversible oxidative modification affecting proteins. This modification is chemically stable and this feature is particularly important for storage and detection of carbonylated proteins. Many biochemical and analytical methods have been developed during the last thirty years to assay protein carbonylation. The most successful method consists on protein carbonyl (PCO) derivatization with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) and consequent spectrophotometric assay. This assay allows a global quantification of PCO content due to the ability of DNPH to react with carbonyl giving rise to an adduct able to absorb at 366nm. Similar approaches were also developed employing chromatographic separation, in particular HPLC, and parallel detection of absorbing adducts. Subsequently, immunological techniques, such as Western immunoblot or ELISA, have been developed leading to an increase of sensitivity in protein carbonylation detection. Currently, they are widely employed to evaluate change in total protein carbonylation and eventually to highlight the specific proteins undergoing selective oxidation. In the last decade, many mass spectrometry (MS) approaches have been developed for the identification of the carbonylated proteins and the relative amino acid residues modified to carbonyl derivatives. Although these MS methods are much more focused and detailed due to their ability to identify the amino acid residues undergoing carbonylation, they still require too expensive equipments and, therefore, are limited in distribution. In this protocol paper, we summarise and comment on the most diffuse protocols that a standard laboratory can employ to assess protein carbonylation; in particular, we describe step-by-step the different protocols, adding suggestions coming from our on-bench experience.
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Grimshaw, J., & Ramsey, J. S. (1966). Electrochemical reactions. Part I. The stereochemistry of some hydrobenzoins from the reduction of benzaldehyde derivatives. J. Chem. Soc., C, , 653.
Abstract: The electrochemical reduction of hydroxybenzaldehydes in aqueous alkaline solution is stereoselective and gives the corresponding meso-hydrobenzoin.
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